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    We introduce a resource-theoretic framework to quantify vectorial coherence in partially polarized light. This approach establishes hierarchies for coherence measures, ensuring accurate assessments of light

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Quantum Information Theory
    • Electromagnetism

    Background:

    • Assessing coherence in partially polarized electromagnetic fields is crucial for optical applications.
    • Existing coherence measures lack a unified theoretical framework for vectorial coherence.
    • Resource theories provide a powerful tool for quantifying fundamental properties in physics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a formal resource-theoretic approach for quantifying vectorial coherence.
    • To establish two distinct resource theories: polarization-sensitive and polarization-insensitive coherence.
    • To define incoherent states and operations for each theory and establish coherence hierarchies.

    Main Methods:

    • Formal resource-theoretic framework development.
    • Identification of incoherent states and incoherent operations.
    • Establishment of preorder relations for coherence-polarization states.

    Main Results:

    • Two resource theories for vectorial coherence (polarization-sensitive and polarization-insensitive) were identified.
    • Sets of incoherent states and corresponding incoherent operations were determined for each theory.
    • A hierarchy among coherence-polarization states was established via preorder relations.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed resource-theoretic framework provides a rigorous method for assessing vectorial coherence.
    • The identified hierarchies offer criteria for evaluating the validity of existing coherence measures.
    • This work advances the understanding and quantification of coherence in partially polarized light.