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Broadband and high-efficiency vortex beam generator based on a hybrid helix array.

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    Researchers developed a broadband vortex beam generator using a hybrid helix array and Pancharatnam-Berry phase. This device achieves high efficiency for generating optical vortex beams with tunable topological charges.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Metamaterials
    • Nanophotonics

    Background:

    • Vortex beams, carrying orbital angular momentum, are crucial for applications like high-resolution imaging and optical communications.
    • Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase offers unique spin-to-orbital conversion for vortex beam generation.
    • Broadband, high-efficiency circular polarization conversion is essential for practical PB phase vortex beam generators.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and demonstrate a broadband and high-efficiency vortex beam generator.
    • To utilize the Pancharatnam-Berry phase with a novel optical element.
    • To achieve generation of vortex beams with arbitrary topological charges.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a hybrid helix array as the optical element.
    • Characterization of the device's performance across a wide frequency range.
    • Experimental verification of broadband circular polarization conversion and vortex beam generation.

    Main Results:

    • The hybrid helix array demonstrated broadband and high-efficiency vortex beam generation.
    • The device achieved over 65% efficiency in a wide frequency range.
    • A relative bandwidth of 46.5% was achieved for the vortex beam generator.

    Conclusions:

    • A novel broadband, high-efficiency vortex beam generator based on the PB phase was successfully developed.
    • The hybrid helix array enables arbitrary topological charge generation and backward propagation with opposite handedness.
    • The device shows significant potential for advanced optical applications requiring versatile vortex beams.