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We discovered a new insulating phase in 2D systems where electronic states localize due to both electron interactions and disorder. This phase transitions from a gapless to a gapped state, impacting quantum critical phenomena.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Materials
  • Many-Body Physics

Background:

  • Understanding electronic state localization is crucial in condensed matter physics.
  • The interplay between electron correlations (Mott physics) and disorder (Anderson localization) dictates material properties.
  • Systems with a vanishing density of states at the Fermi level exhibit unique quantum critical behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combined effects of many-body correlations and randomness on electronic states in a 2D system.
  • To identify novel phases emerging from the quantum critical point between a semimetal and a Mott insulator.
  • To characterize the nature of electronic localization and phase transitions within these novel phases.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing exact quantum Monte Carlo calculations for high accuracy.
  • Analyzing a two-dimensional system with a linearly vanishing density of states at the Fermi level.
  • Examining the phase diagram and transitions driven by disorder and electron correlations.

Main Results:

  • A novel disorder-induced nonmagnetic insulating phase was discovered.
  • This phase emerges from the zero-temperature quantum critical point.
  • A phase transition from a gapless Anderson-like insulator to a gapped Mott-like insulator was identified within this new phase.

Conclusions:

  • The interplay of correlations and disorder can stabilize unique insulating phases.
  • The identified phase diagram provides new insights into quantum criticality in low-dimensional systems.
  • Further research can explore the experimental realization and properties of such novel insulating phases.