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Deposition of Porous Sorbents on Fabric Supports
Published on: June 12, 2018
(Ce-Al)-oxide pillared bentonite: A high affinity sorbent for plutonium.
Yangchun Leng1, Qintang Li2, Qiang Tian3
1State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Non-Metal Composites and Functional Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; Laboratory of National Defense for Radioactive Waste and Environmental Security, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
Cerium-aluminum oxide pillared clays effectively remove plutonium from water at neutral and acidic pH. These materials show high distribution coefficients, indicating efficient plutonium capture for environmental remediation.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Materials Science
- Radiochemistry
Background:
- Radioactive waste management requires effective methods for removing hazardous radionuclides like plutonium from aqueous solutions.
- Pillared clays are advanced materials with tunable properties for contaminant adsorption.
- Understanding the influence of pillar composition on adsorption capacity is crucial for developing efficient remediation technologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comparatively investigate the efficacy of Al-oxide and mixed (Ln-Al)-oxide pillared clays (Ln = La, Ce) in removing plutonium (Pu) from water.
- To determine the impact of pH (4 and 7) on the adsorption performance of these pillared clay materials.
- To characterize the structural and chemical properties of the pillared clays and correlate them with plutonium uptake.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of bentonite and montmorillonite clays pillared with Al-oxide, La-Al-oxide, and Ce-Al-oxide.
- Hydrophilicity introduction via NH3-H2O vapor treatment.
- Water ingress verification using small-angle neutron scattering with H2O/D2O mixtures.
- Plutonium removal efficiency assessed by distribution coefficient (KD) measurements.
- Characterization of pillared clays using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).
Main Results:
- Only Ce-Al-oxide pillared clays demonstrated significant Pu removal at pH 4 and 7, achieving KD values >10^4.
- Al2O3 and La2O3-Al2O3 pillared clays showed limited improvement in Pu uptake compared to sodium montmorillonite.
- XPS analysis confirmed the presence of Ce4+ as cerium dioxide in the Ce-Al-oxide pillars.
- Improved sorption performance correlated with increased basal spacing, specific surface area, and pillar stability.
Conclusions:
- Ce-Al-oxide pillared clays are highly effective for removing 239Pu from aqueous solutions under neutral and acidic conditions.
- The enhanced performance is attributed to structural modifications and the chemical nature of cerium dioxide pillars.
- These findings highlight the potential of specific pillared clays for environmental remediation of plutonium-contaminated water.
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