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Isolation of Cancer Stem Cells From Human Prostate Cancer Samples
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Current Status of Classification and Staging of Prostate Cancer.

Gerald P Murphy1, J F Gaeta1, J Pickren1

  • 1Roswell Park Memorial Institute, New York State Department of Health, State University of New York at Buffalo, and the National Prostatic Cancer Project, 666 Elm Street, Buffalo, New York.

Cancer
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This summary is machine-generated.

Recent revisions to the TNM staging system for prostate cancer refine patient group comparisons. New subdivisions for localized and occult tumors aid in defining disease extent and tumor burden more accurately.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • The international TNM classification system for prostate cancer has undergone recent revisions.
  • Clinical and pathologic staging factors in the United States are being re-evaluated.
  • Advances in staging assessment have led to redefinition and subgrouping of conventional prostate cancer staging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight recent revisions in the TNM classification system for prostate cancer.
  • To discuss alterations in clinical and pathologic staging factors in the United States.
  • To explain the redefinition and subgrouping of conventional staging for prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the international TNM classification system for prostatic cancer.
  • Evaluation of altered clinical and pathologic staging factors in the United States.
  • Assessment of new tests for acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase isozymes.
  • Analysis of consensus on primary tumor grade assessment using cellular patterns and nuclear changes.
  • Consideration of pelvic lymph node assessment methods.

Main Results:

  • The revised TNM system facilitates comparisons between patient groups.
  • Subdivisions for occult (Stage A) and localized (Stage B, C) tumors, such as A1/A2 and B1/B2, C1/C2, have been employed.
  • A consensus has been reached for assessing primary tumor grade using cellular patterns and nuclear changes.
  • Aspiration cytology is considered a potentially useful adjuvant.
  • Pelvic lymph node assessment methods are under further study.

Conclusions:

  • Recent advances allow for more precise definition and subgrouping of prostate cancer staging.
  • These changes aim to better define disease extent and tumor burden.
  • Physicians retain the discretion to determine the extent of classification use.
  • Therapeutic care decisions based on clinical stage should consider these classification variations.