Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Zebrafish Model of Neuroblastoma Metastasis
05:20

Zebrafish Model of Neuroblastoma Metastasis

Published on: March 14, 2021

3.2K

Staging and Treatment of Neuroblastoma

Audrey E Evans1

  • 1From the Children' Cancer Research Center of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.

Cancer
|April 1, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Neuroblastoma treatment has seen limited progress. While some chemotherapy regimens show high response rates in advanced stages, overall survival for pediatric neuroblastoma remains a challenge.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Cancer Therapeutics
  • Childhood Tumors

Background:

  • Neuroblastoma treatment advances have been limited over the last decade.
  • Unlike other pediatric solid tumors, neuroblastoma has not seen significant therapeutic success.
  • Current treatment strategies vary based on tumor stage and resectability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current treatment approaches for neuroblastoma.
  • To evaluate the role of radiation therapy (RT) and chemotherapy in different stages.
  • To assess the impact of chemotherapy on response rates and survival.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on neuroblastoma treatment.
  • Analysis of treatment outcomes based on tumor stage (local resectable, gross residual disease, Stage IV).
  • Evaluation of chemotherapy regimens, including cyclophosphamide, vincristine, Adriamycin, and imidazole carboxamide.

Main Results:

  • Local resectable tumors may not require radiation therapy or adjuvant chemotherapy.
  • Radiation therapy benefits patients with gross residual disease (Stage III).
  • Chemotherapy combinations achieve response rates over 50% in Stage IV patients, but survival improvement is minimal.

Conclusions:

  • Treatment strategies for neuroblastoma should be tailored to the specific stage.
  • While chemotherapy shows promise in advanced neuroblastoma, further research is needed to improve survival rates.
  • Optimizing treatment protocols is crucial for enhancing outcomes in pediatric neuroblastoma.

More Related Videos

Three-Dimensional In Vitro Biomimetic Model of Neuroblastoma Using Collagen-Based Scaffolds07:48

Three-Dimensional In Vitro Biomimetic Model of Neuroblastoma Using Collagen-Based Scaffolds

Published on: July 9, 2021

4.0K
Identification of OTX1 and OTX2 As Two Possible Molecular Markers for Sinonasal Carcinomas and Olfactory Neuroblastomas07:00

Identification of OTX1 and OTX2 As Two Possible Molecular Markers for Sinonasal Carcinomas and Olfactory Neuroblastomas

Published on: February 28, 2019

6.3K

Related Concept Videos

Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
65.5K
Stages of Sleep01:22

Stages of Sleep

Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
1.5K
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
1.8K
Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Oral01:16

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Oral

The oral stage is the initial phase of Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development, occurring from birth to approximately 12 to 18 months. During this period, the infant's mouth serves as the primary source of pleasure, with actions such as sucking, chewing, biting, and drinking playing a crucial role in reducing tension. These activities are essential not only for nourishment but also for the infant's psychological and emotional satisfaction.
Weaning, typically occurring...
3.2K
Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Anal01:26

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Anal

Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development describes the anal stage as occurring between 18 months and three years of age. During this period, children derive pleasure from controlling and releasing their bowel movements. However, they quickly learn that societal expectations impose restrictions on when and where this can happen. This stage marks a critical point where children begin to develop a sense of control and mastery over their bodily functions, as well as their broader...
4.2K
Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Phallic01:12

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Phallic

The third stage of psychosexual development proposed by Freud is the phallic stage, occurring between the ages of 3 and 6. During this period, children become aware of their bodies and the differences between males and females. The erogenous zone in this stage is the genitals, and conflicts arise as children develop desires toward the opposite-sex parent. Boys experience the Oedipus complex, where they desire their mother and view their father as a rival. This leads to castration anxiety, the...
1.9K