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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools
Published on: December 28, 2021
Chemotherapy of Metastatic Bladder Cancer
1Associate Attending Physician, Solid Tumor Service Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.
Abstract:
Recent disease-oriented phase II clinical trials in advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelial tract have defined the therapeutic efficacy of cis-diamminedichloride platinum II, Adriamycin and methotrexate. Other agents which may have some activity include cyclophosphamide, the podophyllotoxins, hexamethylmelamine, and possibly 5-flourouracil. While combination drug regimens have been reported to induce higher remission rates when compared to single agents, prospective randomized trials will be needed to document enhanced therapeutic benefit. The problems in selecting appropriate patients and in defining response criteria in clinical trials in urothelial tumors are discussed. Chemotherapy data in the treatment of bladder cancer is summarized, using strict response criteria.
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