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Updated: Feb 12, 2026
11:29
HPLC-based Assay to Monitor Extracellular Nucleotide/Nucleoside Metabolism in Human Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells
Published on: July 20, 2016
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CXCR4 blockade improves leukemia eradication by allogeneic lymphocyte infusion
Chun-Hui Jin1,2, Yang Li1,2, Jinxing Xia2
1The First Hospital, Institute of Immunology and International Center of Future Science of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
American Journal of Hematology
|April 1, 2018
Summary
Persistent leukemia in bone marrow causes relapse after stem cell transplants. A CXCR4 antagonist (AMD3100) helps immune cells target leukemia in bone marrow, improving remission rates.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Persistent low-level leukemia in the bone marrow, an immunoprivileged site, is a primary cause of relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.
- Allogeneic lymphocyte infusion (ALI) is a form of immunotherapy aimed at eradicating residual leukemia cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the mechanisms by which leukemia cells evade immune surveillance in the bone marrow.
- To evaluate the efficacy of dislodging leukemia cells from the bone marrow microenvironment to enhance graft-vs.-leukemia effects.
Main Methods:
- Utilized mouse models engrafted with human acute lymphoblastic leukemia derived from MLL-AF9-overexpressing hematopoietic stem cells.
- Administered allogeneic lymphocyte infusion (ALI) with or without the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100.
- Assessed leukemia burden and remission rates via adoptive transfer experiments and complete remission rate analysis.
Main Results:
- Allogeneic lymphocyte infusion (ALI) selectively spared leukemia cells residing within the bone marrow.
- Treatment with AMD3100 dislodged leukemia cells from the bone marrow, significantly increasing complete remission rates following ALI.
- Combined ALI and AMD3100 treatment markedly reduced the frequency of leukemia-initiating cells in the bone marrow.
Conclusions:
- The immunosuppressive bone marrow microenvironment contributes significantly to leukemia relapse post-immunotherapy.
- Targeting the CXCR4 receptor with AMD3100 can overcome bone marrow-mediated immune resistance.
- AMD3100 may represent a viable clinical strategy to enhance the effectiveness of adoptive allogeneic cell therapy for leukemia.
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