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A Translational Model of Incomplete Catch-Up Growth: Early-Life Hypoxia and the Effect of Physical Activity

Shlomit Radom-Aizik1, Frank P Zaldivar1, Dwight M Nance1

  • 1Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center (PERC), Departments of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.

Clinical and Translational Science
|April 1, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal hypoxia in rats shows that recovery depends on severity. Mild hypoxia (HY12) allowed full catch-up growth, while severe hypoxia (HY10) did not, highlighting factors preventing complete recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Neonatal Research

Background:

  • Therapeutic advances have improved survival rates for high-risk children, including premature infants and those with congenital heart disease.
  • While catch-up growth is observed, many children do not achieve their full adult phenotype.
  • A translational animal model is needed to study catch-up growth mechanisms in specific tissues over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of postnatal hypoxia on growth in a rat model.
  • To determine if varying levels of hypoxia affect catch-up growth.
  • To identify factors critical for successful catch-up growth following neonatal insults.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were exposed to different levels of postnatal hypoxia (12% O2 [HY12] or 10% O2 [HY10]) or room air.
  • Subgroups experienced access to running wheels post-hypoxia.
  • Growth parameters were monitored to assess recovery and compensation.

Main Results:

  • Growth was fully compensated in adult rats exposed to mild hypoxia (HY12).
  • Severe hypoxia (HY10) did not result in full growth compensation in adult rats.
  • Neonatal hypoxia serves as a model to study mechanisms of catch-up growth.

Conclusions:

  • Neonatal hypoxia can be a valuable model for understanding catch-up growth.
  • The severity of neonatal hypoxia is a critical factor determining the success of catch-up growth.
  • Identifying factors that prevent successful catch-up growth is crucial for clinical applications.

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