Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

13.8K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
13.8K
Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

17.5K
If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
17.5K
Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors01:15

Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors

11.1K
In the case of systematic errors, the sources can be identified, and the errors can be subsequently minimized by addressing these sources. According to the source, systematic errors can be divided into sampling, instrumental, methodological, and personal errors.
Sampling errors originate from improper sampling methods or the wrong sample population. These errors can be minimized by refining the sampling strategy. Defective instruments or faulty calibrations are the sources of instrumental...
11.1K
Taping Over Different Ground Profiles01:12

Taping Over Different Ground Profiles

405
Taping over varying ground profiles requires careful adaptation to achieve accurate measurements. On smooth, level ground with minimal vegetation, the tape can rest directly on the ground. Here, the taping team, typically consisting of a head and a rear tapeman, coordinates their positions with clear communication. The rear tapeman holds the tape at the starting point and guides the head tapeman toward a range pole placed beyond the endpoint, using hand or voice signals to ensure alignment.On...
405
Random Error01:04

Random Error

9.8K
Random or indeterminate errors originate from various uncontrollable variables, such as variations in environmental conditions, instrument imperfections, or the inherent variability of the phenomena being measured. Usually, these errors cannot be predicted, estimated, or characterized because their direction and magnitude often vary in magnitude and direction even during consecutive measurements. As a result, they are difficult to eliminate. However, the aggregate effect of these errors can be...
9.8K
Margin of Error01:27

Margin of Error

7.7K
The margin of error is also called the maximum error of an estimate. The margin of error is the maximum possible or expected difference between the observed sample parameter value and the actual population parameter value. For proportion, it is the maximum difference between the value of sample proportion obtained from the data and the true value of population proportion. As the true value of the population parameter is not known, the margin of error is calculated using the sample statistic.
7.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multi-spectral image shift-estimation error calculations using simulated phenomenology.

Applied optics·2018
Same author

Intrinsic bias in Fisher information calculations for multi-mode image registration.

Optics letters·2018
Same author

Cramér-Rao lower bound calculations for image registration using simulated phenomenology.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2015
Same author

Signal, noise, and bias for a broadband, division-of-amplitude Stokes polarimeter.

Optics express·2010
Same author

Primary and secondary superresolution by data inversion.

Optics express·2009

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence
08:05

A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence

Published on: March 23, 2022

3.1K

Airlight-imposed errors for space-object polarimetric observations from the ground.

David W Tyler, Casey Demars

    Applied Optics
    |April 1, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Polarimetric sensing of space objects is degraded by unpolarized light from targets and airlight. Accurate polarization estimation requires calibrating and subtracting airlight, as noise and bias in both increase estimation errors.

    More Related Videos

    Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning
    14:38

    Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning

    Published on: November 2, 2012

    12.3K
    Design and Use of an Apparatus for Presenting Graspable Objects in 3D Workspace
    09:11

    Design and Use of an Apparatus for Presenting Graspable Objects in 3D Workspace

    Published on: August 8, 2019

    6.1K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

    A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence
    08:05

    A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence

    Published on: March 23, 2022

    3.1K
    Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning
    14:38

    Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning

    Published on: November 2, 2012

    12.3K
    Design and Use of an Apparatus for Presenting Graspable Objects in 3D Workspace
    09:11

    Design and Use of an Apparatus for Presenting Graspable Objects in 3D Workspace

    Published on: August 8, 2019

    6.1K

    Area of Science:

    • Optical remote sensing
    • Astrophysical instrumentation
    • Polarimetry

    Background:

    • Ground-based telescopes observing space objects are subject to atmospheric interference.
    • Polarimetric sensing aims to characterize light's polarization state, crucial for target identification and analysis.
    • Airlight and unpolarized target light introduce significant noise and bias into polarization measurements.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the impact of airlight and unpolarized target light on polarimetric sensing of space objects.
    • To derive a method for quantifying estimation errors in Stokes parameter measurements.
    • To investigate the effects of airlight calibration on the accuracy of polarimetric data.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of Stokes parameter estimation errors under various noise and bias conditions.
    • Derivation of a mean-square error expression for calibrated Stokes estimates.
    • Numerical calculations using measured data to approximate estimation errors.

    Main Results:

    • Unpolarized light from targets and airlight fundamentally limit polarization state estimation accuracy.
    • Increased target brightness with unpolarized light degrades Stokes parameter (S1, S2, S3) estimation.
    • Airlight polarization must be calibrated and subtracted; its noise and bias contribute to overall estimation error.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate polarimetric sensing of space objects necessitates careful consideration and calibration of airlight.
    • Estimation errors are influenced by the magnitude of Stokes parameters and reference frame orientation.
    • The derived methods allow for the approximation of Stokes estimation errors, aiding in data interpretation.