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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Metrology
    • Surface Science

    Background:

    • Existing shape measurement methods for transparent objects rely on the paraxial assumption and s-component approximation.
    • These assumptions limit the accuracy and applicability of current techniques.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel shape measurement method for transparent objects that overcomes the limitations of existing approaches.
    • To improve measurement precision by addressing the paraxial and s-component approximation assumptions.

    Main Methods:

    • A new method based on polarization characteristics of reflection and vector operation is proposed.
    • The normal vector of the transparent surface is deduced using vector operations to overcome the paraxial assumption.
    • The angle between the s-component and polarization direction of reflected light is analyzed to address the s-component approximation.

    Main Results:

    • Experimental results with transparent targets demonstrate significantly reduced measurement error compared to existing methods.
    • The proposed method effectively overcomes the limitations posed by the paraxial and s-component approximation assumptions.
    • Improved measurement precision was achieved for transparent object shape measurement.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed method offers a more accurate and reliable approach for shape measurement of transparent objects.
    • This technique advances optical metrology by providing higher precision without relying on restrictive assumptions.
    • The findings have implications for various applications requiring precise shape analysis of transparent materials.