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Characteristic phase distribution in the white matter of infants on phase difference enhanced imaging
Tetsu Niwa1, Tetsuya Yoneda2, Masaharu Hayashi3
1Department of Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Japan.
Insights
Phase difference-enhanced imaging (PADRE) reveals distinct white matter (WM) signal distributions in developing infant brains, offering a unique indicator for neurological development assessment. This method shows characteristic phase shifts potentially reflecting myelin development.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimaging
- Developmental Neuroscience
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Infantile brain development is a continuous process.
- Early detection of neurological abnormalities in infants is crucial.
- Non-invasive imaging methods are vital for assessing infant neurological development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess white matter (WM) signal distribution in infants using phase difference-enhanced imaging (PADRE).
- To compare PADRE findings with T1-weighted images (T1WI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
- To evaluate PADRE's potential for reflecting myelin-related microstructures in developing brains.
Main Methods:
- Study included 18 healthy infants (postmenstrual age 37-40 weeks).
- Assessed signal distribution in intraparenchymal structures (optic radiation, internal capsule, corpus callosum, corticospinal tract, semiovale center, subcortical regions).
- Compared signal distribution across T1WI, fractional anisotropy (FA) maps, and PADRE.
Main Results:
- Significant differences (P<0.001) in signal distribution were observed across the three imaging methods.
- Internal capsule (IC) and corticospinal tract (CST) showed relatively large signal changes.
- PADRE demonstrated greater signal changes in the optic radiation (OR) and rolandic subcortical WM compared to T1WI and FA.
Conclusions:
- PADRE reveals a characteristic phase shift distribution in infantile white matter.
- This distribution differs from T1WI and FA maps, suggesting it reflects developing myelin-related structures.
- PADRE shows promise as a unique indicator for infantile brain development assessment.
Background And Purpose:
The infantile brain is continuously undergoing development. Non-invasive methods to assess the neurological development of infants are important for the early detection of abnormalities. Some microstructures in the brain have been demonstrated via phase difference-enhanced imaging (PADRE), which may reflect myelin-related microstructures. We aimed to assess the white matter (WM) signal distribution in infants using PADRE and compared it with that using T1-weighted images (T1WI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Materials And Method:
This study included 18 infants (postmenstrual age at MRI, 37-40 weeks) without abnormal findings on MRI. Signal distribution using T1WI, a fractional anisotropy (FA) map and PADRE was assessed regarding the following intraparenchymal structures: the optic radiation (OR), internal capsule (IC), corpus callosum, corticospinal tract (CST), semiovale center and subcortical regions.
Results:
We found that the signal distribution was significantly different (P<0.001) with a relatively large signal change found at the IC and CST across the three imaging methods. Signal changes were also greater at the OR and rolandic subcortical WM on PADRE, whereas these were smaller on T1WI and FA.
Conclusion:
PADRE demonstrated a characteristic phase shift distribution in infantile WM, which was different from that observed on T1WI and FA maps, and may demonstrate the developing myelin-related structures. PADRE can be a unique indicator of infantile brain development.
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