In vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic insemination and thyroid function: reviewing the evidence
Gesthimani Mintziori1, Dimitrios G Goulis1
1Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Abstract:
Recent findings, that specific G protein-coupled TSH receptors (TSHR) and the nuclear thyroid hormone receptors (THRs) are widely expressed in reproductive tissues, reveal the close links between hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid and hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axes. It has been suggested that thyroid function as well as thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) have an impact on Assisted Reproduction Technology (ART) reproductive outcome. Lately, it became evident that ovarian stimulation (OS) may also have an impact on thyroid function. This narrative review describes the mutual interaction between thyroid function and OS, by reviewing the current evidence, assessing the pathophysiological links and arriving at practical recommendations.
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