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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Induction of Diffuse Axonal Brain Injury in Rats Based on Rotational Acceleration
Published on: May 9, 2020
Integration of 1H NMR- and UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based plasma metabonomics study to identify diffuse axonal injury biomarkers
Peng Zhang1, Shisheng Zhu2, Minzhu Zhao1
1Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Abstract:
Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is much common during traumatic brain injury (TBI) and is associated with high mortality and poor neurological outcome. Although many studies have been examined, there are still no reliable objective diagnostic modalities available for clinicians to make an early diagnosis of DAI. Therefore, we established a rat model of DAI, applying an integrated 1H NMR- and UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based metabonomics approach to identify differentially changed metabolites in plasma. A total of twenty-two metabolites in the injury group were identified as differentially changed. Among them, four metabolites, glutamine, pyruvate, glycerol and phosphocholine, were identified as candidate biomarkers based on their high fold-changes and biological functions, and may play important roles in axonal injury progression in DAI. Our study not only identified several novel biomarkers that improved our understanding of the metabolic events underlying DAI, but also may provide some potential novel therapeutic targets for preventing axonal injury in DAI.
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