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Related Concept Videos

Attribution Theory00:56

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Behavior is a product of both the situation (e.g., cultural influences, social roles, and the presence of bystanders) and of the person (e.g., personality characteristics). Subfields of psychology tend to focus on one influence or behavior over others. Situationism is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings. In contrast, dispositionism holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors (Heider, 1958).
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According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
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In social interactions, individuals frequently seek to understand the motivations and causes behind others' behaviors. This fundamental aspect of social perception, known as attribution, plays a crucial role in shaping interpersonal relationships and guiding future actions. Attribution refers to the cognitive process through which people infer the reasons behind others' behaviors, allowing them to assess character traits, intentions, and situational influences.Attribution Theory and Its...
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Some individuals interpret life events as a consequence of their personal choices and actions, while others believe that outcomes are dictated by fate or destiny. This divergence in perspective has been examined in psychological and cross-cultural studies, particularly in relation to religious faith and cultural beliefs about causality.Fate and Personal ResponsibilityPeople who emphasize personal responsibility view events as direct consequences of their decisions. For instance, breaking a leg...
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Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Correspondent inference theory, proposed by Jones and Davis in 1965, seeks to explain how individuals infer stable personality traits from observed behaviors. It suggests that people attribute actions to underlying dispositions rather than external circumstances, particularly when the behavior appears intentional and socially significant.Voluntary Behavior and Dispositional AttributionAccording to this theory, individuals are more likely to attribute behavior to personal traits when it appears...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization
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Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization

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How do 3-month-old infants attribute preferences to a human agent?

You-Jung Choi1, Yi Mou2, Yuyan Luo3

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
|April 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Three-month-old infants infer agent preferences from actions involving object selection. Infants did not attribute preferences when actions lacked clear choice or context, suggesting early mental state attribution.

Keywords:
AgentsGoal attributionInfancyPreferencesPsychological understandingSocial cognition

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Infant Studies

Background:

  • Understanding how infants perceive and interpret human actions is crucial for developmental psychology.
  • Early development of psychological understanding, including the attribution of mental states like preferences, is a key area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether 3-month-old infants can attribute preferences to a human agent based on observed actions.
  • To determine the contextual factors influencing infants' interpretation of an agent's goal-directed behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Infants observed a human agent interacting with two objects.
  • The agent consistently reached for and grasped one object when both were visible.
  • Infants' interpretation of the agent's preference was assessed under different conditions (e.g., one object present, object occlusion).

Main Results:

  • Infants attributed a preference to the agent when she selectively reached for one of two objects.
  • Infants did not infer preference when the action lacked clear choice or contextual cues.
  • The presence of the object and its visibility to the agent influenced infant interpretation.

Conclusions:

  • Three-month-old infants demonstrate an early capacity to interpret actions in terms of an agent's preferences.
  • Contextual information, such as object availability and visibility, is critical for infants' attribution of mental states.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the foundational mechanisms of early theory of mind development.