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Association between asthma and lung function in adolescents born very preterm: results of the EPIPAGE cohort study

Alice Hadchouel1,2,3,4, Jessica Rousseau5, Jean-Christophe Rozé6,7

  • 1Service de Pneumologie et d'Allergologie Pédiatriques, AP-HP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.

Thorax
|April 2, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Very preterm birth and early wheezing impact adolescent lung function. Preschool wheeze independently predicts reduced FEV1 in these individuals, underscoring the need for early respiratory symptom management.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Neonatology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are known to impact long-term lung function.
  • Early respiratory symptoms in preterm infants may have lasting respiratory consequences into adolescence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term respiratory outcomes in adolescents born very preterm.
  • To analyze the association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), asthma symptoms at different ages, and current lung function (FEV1) in very preterm adolescents.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of respiratory outcomes in adolescents born very preterm and controls from the Etude EPIdémiologique sur les Petits Ages Gestationnels cohort.
  • Lung function (FEV1) was assessed in relation to asthma symptoms across three age groups from birth.
  • Multivariable models were used to identify independent predictors of FEV1 in the preterm group, accounting for BPD, asthma history, and confounders.

Main Results:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and preschool wheeze were independently associated with reduced FEV1 in adolescents born very preterm.
  • Preschool wheeze emerged as a significant independent factor associated with FEV1 impairment in this cohort.
  • The study identified specific early-life factors influencing adolescent lung function.

Conclusions:

  • Preschool wheeze is a critical independent predictor of impaired lung function (FEV1) in adolescents born very preterm.
  • Optimal management of early respiratory symptoms in preterm-born infants is crucial for long-term respiratory health.
  • These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring and intervening for early respiratory issues in high-risk preterm populations.

Keywords:
paediatric asthmapaediatric lung disaese

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