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Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Single-cell RNA Sequencing and Analysis of Human Pancreatic Islets
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High-Throughput Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and Data Analysis.

Sagar1, Josip Stefan Herman1, John Andrew Pospisilik1

  • 1Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Stübeweg 51, 79108, Freiburg, Germany.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|April 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) method using flow cytometry and robotics. The protocol enables identification of rare cell types and mapping of cell differentiation trajectories for deeper biological insights.

Keywords:
CEL-Seq2High-throughputNext-generation sequencingSingle cell RNA sequencingSingle cell data analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Conventional population-based techniques mask crucial biological insights by providing averaged cellular readouts.
  • Single-cell transcriptome sequencing offers a powerful approach to uncover novel cell types and cellular compositions in various biological states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a customized, high-throughput protocol for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).
  • To detail advanced data analysis algorithms for identifying cellular subpopulations and inferring differentiation trajectories.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of flow cytometry with a nanoliter-scale robotic system for scRNA-seq.
  • Development of specialized data analysis algorithms to address technical noise inherent in scRNA-seq data.

Main Results:

  • Successful implementation of a high-throughput scRNA-seq protocol.
  • Demonstration of algorithms capable of identifying rare cell types and reconstructing lineage trees.

Conclusions:

  • The described scRNA-seq protocol and analysis pipeline enhance the resolution of biological system understanding.
  • This approach facilitates the characterization of cellular heterogeneity and differentiation pathways in both health and disease contexts.