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Ultraviolet radiation in the Atacama Desert.

R R Cordero1, A Damiani2,3, J Jorquera2

  • 1Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Bernardo O'Higgins, 3363, Santiago, Chile. raul.cordero@usach.cl.

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek
|April 2, 2018
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The Atacama Desert experiences the highest surface ultraviolet (UV) radiation globally. This study quantifies UV-B and UV-A doses, revealing significantly higher levels compared to other regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Ozone Layer Research

Background:

  • The Atacama Desert is known for extreme surface ultraviolet (UV) irradiance.
  • High altitude, clear skies, and low ozone contribute to intense UV exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate surface UV (UV index, UV-B, and UV-A doses) for the Atacama Desert under all sky conditions.
  • To compare UV radiation levels with other global regions, particularly the Northern Hemisphere.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized measurements of surface UV irradiance.
  • Calculated monthly UV index at noon and annual UV-B and UV-A doses.
  • Compared Atacama Desert UV data with Northern African data.

Main Results:

  • The noon UV index in the Atacama Desert's summer exceeds 11.
  • Annual UV-B doses range from 3.5 to 5 kWh/m², and UV-A doses from 130 to 160 kWh/m².
  • Atacama Desert UV-B doses are ~40% higher than in Northern Africa, reaching ~60% higher peak levels.

Conclusions:

  • The Atacama Desert exhibits exceptionally high surface UV irradiance.
  • Significant interhemispherical differences in UV-B levels exist, largely due to ozone variations.
  • UV-A differences are less pronounced as ozone has a minor effect on this spectrum.