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Related Concept Videos

Personal Identity01:25

Personal Identity

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Personal identity is the deeply felt sense of self that individuals cultivate over time, intricately woven from intrinsic qualities they consider essential to their existence—qualities such as morality, intelligence, and friendliness. These attributes serve as vital internal benchmarks, guiding individuals in evaluating whether their actions resonate with their true selves.When personal identity takes center stage in one's life, individuals often emphasize their distinctiveness,...
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Psychodynamic Perspectives on Personality01:27

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The psychodynamic perspective in psychology asserts that most personality functions operate unconsciously, outside of awareness. This means that the motives and emotions driving behavior often remain hidden, automatically buried in the unconscious mind as a defense mechanism to shield us from psychological distress. According to this theory, the unconscious mind contains thoughts, memories, and emotions that are too disturbing to face directly.
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Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
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Introduction to Personality Psychology01:29

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Personality encompasses a set of enduring traits and behavioral patterns that define how individuals think, feel, and interact, ultimately shaping their unique identities. The concept of personality has deep historical roots, deriving from the Latin term "persona," which means "mask." This term initially referred to the roles played by actors in ancient theater, signifying the different facets individuals display in various contexts.
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The Behavioral Perspective on Personality01:19

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Behaviorists view personality as primarily shaped by environmental reinforcements and consequences. According to this perspective, behavior is influenced by external stimuli, and individuals adjust their actions based on rewards and punishments. Over time, learning histories — accumulated patterns of reinforcement — play a significant role in shaping personality. Behaviors that lead to positive outcomes are reinforced, while those resulting in negative outcomes are diminished.
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The five-factor model, often called the Big Five personality traits, is widely accepted in psychology as a comprehensive framework for understanding personality. These five traits — Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism — are often remembered using the acronym OCEAN.
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ESMO 2017-my personal highlights.

Barbara Kiesewetter1, Mircea Dediu2, Rupert Bartsch3,4

  • 11Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review summarizes key advancements in breast cancer, lung cancer, and malignant lymphoma treatment strategies presented at the recent ESMO Annual Meeting. It highlights novel therapeutic approaches in these distinct oncology fields.

Keywords:
Breast cancerESMO meetingLung cancerLymphomaReview

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Medical Oncology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Annual Meeting showcases significant advancements in cancer research.
  • Traditionally, focus is on solid tumors like breast and lung cancer, with other hematologic malignancies often underrepresented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a personalized summary of selected highlights from the ESMO Annual Meeting.
  • To cover recent developments in breast cancer, lung cancer, and malignant lymphoma.

Main Methods:

  • A selective review of presentations from the ESMO Annual Meeting.
  • Focus on novel treatment strategies and relevant new data.

Main Results:

  • Significant new data were presented for breast cancer and lung cancer.
  • Novel treatment strategies in malignant lymphoma were a key focus, reflecting rapid evolution in the field.

Conclusions:

  • The ESMO Annual Meeting offered important updates across diverse oncologic fields.
  • Personalized insights into breast cancer, lung cancer, and lymphoma provide a valuable overview for clinicians and researchers.