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Related Concept Videos

Density00:56

Density

20.0K
Density is an important characteristic of substances, crucial in determining whether an object sinks or floats in a fluid. Its SI unit is kg/m3, and its cgs unit is g/cm3. The density of an object helps in identifying its composition, and also reveals information about the phase of the matter and its substructure. The densities of liquids and solids are roughly comparable, consistent with the fact that their atoms are in close contact. However, gases have much lower densities than liquids and...
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Current Density01:21

Current Density

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The total amount of current flowing through one unit value of a cross-sectional area is referred to as current density. If the current flow is uniform, the amount of current flowing through a conductor is the same at all points along the conductor, even if the conductor area varies. The current density consists of the local magnitude and direction of the charge flow, which varies from point to point. Current density is measured in amperes per meter square, and direction is defined as the net...
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One-Compartment Model: IV Infusion01:09

One-Compartment Model: IV Infusion

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Intravenous (IV) infusion is often utilized when continuous and controlled drug delivery is necessary, such as during surgery or in the treatment of chronic diseases. This method offers numerous advantages, including immediate drug action, precise control over dosage, and bypassing the first-pass metabolism.
The one-compartment model for IV infusion uses mathematical equations to describe the rate of change in drug quantity in the body. At steady-state or infusion equilibrium, the drug input...
525
Two-Compartment Open Model: IV Infusion01:15

Two-Compartment Open Model: IV Infusion

608
A two-compartment model is a vital tool in pharmacokinetics, providing an essential understanding of drug behavior, especially for those administered via zero-order intravenous infusion. This model outlines two compartments: the central compartment, where elimination occurs, and the peripheral compartment.
The model illustrates the decrease in plasma drug concentration from the central compartment with a specific equation. It shows that under steady-state conditions, the drug's input rate...
608
Strain-Energy Density01:20

Strain-Energy Density

940
Understanding the strain energy density in materials under axial load is crucial for evaluating their mechanical behavior and durability. When a rod is subjected to such a load, it elongates and stores energy, known as strain energy, as potential energy within the material. This energy is measured in terms of energy per unit volume.
In the elastic region of a material, the relationship between the stress and the strain is linear and follows Hooke's Law. The strain energy density in this region...
940
Bulk Density of Aggregate01:22

Bulk Density of Aggregate

1.2K
Bulk density refers to the mass of aggregate particles that would fill a unit volume. The concept of bulk density originates from the inability to pack aggregate particles in a manner that completely eliminates void spaces. Hence, the term bulk refers to the volume that encompasses both the aggregates and the voids. This measurement is crucial when aggregates are batched by volume and is used to convert quantities by mass to volume.
Most natural mineral aggregates, like sand and gravel,...
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Isolation of High-density Lipoproteins for Non-coding Small RNA Quantification
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High-Density Lipoprotein Infusions.

Kohei Takata1, Belinda A Di Bartolo1, Stephen J Nicholls1

  • 1South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide, PO Box 11060, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.

Cardiology Clinics
|April 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-density lipoproteins (HDL) show promise for cardiovascular prevention. However, HDL mimetics have yielded inconsistent clinical trial results, failing to demonstrate a reduction in cardiovascular events.

Keywords:
AtherosclerosisCardiovascular riskHigh-density lipoproteinsLipids

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular disease research
  • Lipoprotein biology
  • Pharmacological interventions

Background:

  • High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are recognized for their cardioprotective effects based on epidemiological and preclinical data.
  • HDL mimetics offer a therapeutic strategy to deliver functional HDL particles.
  • Previous clinical trials with HDL mimetics have shown variable outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development programs of HDL mimetics.
  • To analyze the progress and challenges in creating HDL-based therapies for cardiovascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on HDL mimetic development programs.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data and outcomes for HDL mimetics.
  • Synthesis of information on the therapeutic potential and limitations of HDL mimetics.

Main Results:

  • HDL mimetics represent a promising approach for cardiovascular prevention.
  • Clinical trials have not yet provided conclusive evidence of cardiovascular event reduction with HDL mimetics.
  • The variability in trial results highlights challenges in HDL mimetic development.

Conclusions:

  • HDL mimetics are an area of active research for cardiovascular disease prevention.
  • Further investigation and refinement of HDL mimetic strategies are needed.
  • Current evidence does not support the efficacy of HDL mimetics in reducing cardiovascular events.