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Reduction redux.

Lawrence Shapiro1

  • 1University of Wisconsin - Madison, United States.

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
|April 4, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study argues that criticisms of reductionism and identity theory are based on misunderstandings. It proposes an updated model of reduction, showing multiple realization does not challenge physicalist reduction.

Keywords:
Identity theoryMultiple realizationPhysicalismReduction

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Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Mind
  • Metaphysics
  • Philosophy of Science

Background:

  • The identity theory and reductionism in philosophy of mind have faced significant criticisms.
  • Putnam's and Fodor's critiques are often cited as major challenges to these theories.
  • Nagel's conception of reduction offers a potential framework for physicalism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate criticisms of the identity theory and reductionism.
  • To present an updated model of reductionism based on Nagel's work.
  • To demonstrate that multiple realization is not a refutation of physicalist reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of philosophical arguments by Putnam and Fodor.
  • Reinterpretation of Thomas Nagel's concept of reduction.
  • Introduction of the concept of 'overlap' to refine reductionist models.

Main Results:

  • Putnam's and Fodor's criticisms are shown to target misinterpretations (straw men) of reductionist theories.
  • Nagel's conception of reduction, when properly understood, aligns with physicalist goals.
  • The proposed updated model, incorporating 'overlap', effectively addresses the challenge of multiple realization.

Conclusions:

  • The identity theory and reductionism are not fundamentally undermined by existing criticisms.
  • An updated, Nagel-inspired model of reduction, incorporating overlap, provides a robust framework for physicalism.
  • Multiple realization poses no inherent obstacle to a sophisticated understanding of reduction.