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Developing evaluation scales for horticultural therapy.

Eun-Ae Im1, Sin-Ae Park2, Ki-Cheol Son2

  • 1Horticultural Therapy Rehabilitation and Education Center, Changwon 51670, South Korea.

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|April 4, 2018
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Summary

This study developed and validated reliable evaluation scales to measure the effectiveness of horticultural therapy across physical, cognitive, psycho-emotional, and social domains. These scales are applicable in practical settings for diverse populations.

Keywords:
Complementary and alternative medicineConsumer horticultureGardeningSocio horticulture

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Area of Science:

  • Therapeutic Horticulture
  • Psychometric Evaluation
  • Rehabilitation Sciences

Background:

  • Horticultural therapy (HT) is increasingly recognized for its therapeutic benefits.
  • Standardized evaluation tools are needed to objectively measure HT's impact in real-world settings.
  • Existing measures may not comprehensively capture the multifaceted effects of HT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate robust evaluation scales for assessing the effects of horticultural therapy.
  • To create instruments measuring physical, cognitive, psycho-emotional, and social outcomes of HT.
  • To ensure the reliability and validity of these scales for practical application.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative research.
  • Development involved three preliminary studies: open-ended questionnaires (n=779), in-depth interviews (n=20), and Delphi method surveys (n=24).
  • A main study validated the scales' reliability and validity with 121 therapists and 1045 clients.

Main Results:

  • Four distinct aspects of HT effects were identified: physical, cognitive, psycho-emotional, and social.
  • 98 questions were selected as reserve scales across these four domains.
  • High reliability coefficients (0.965–0.982) were achieved for all scales.

Conclusions:

  • This study successfully developed the first set of valid and reliable multi-dimensional scales for horticultural therapy effectiveness.
  • The scales provide a comprehensive tool for assessing physical, cognitive, psycho-emotional, and social impacts of HT.
  • The developed measures are practical and broadly applicable to diverse populations receiving horticultural therapy.