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A conic section can be defined in polar coordinates as the set of all points whose distance from a fixed point, known as the focus, bears a constant ratio to their distance from a fixed line, known as the directrix. This constant ratio is called the eccentricity. This definition unifies all types of conic sections—ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas—under a single framework. When the focus is positioned at the origin of the polar coordinate system, a single polar equation can...
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Dramatic pressure-sensitive ion conduction in conical nanopores.

Laetitia Jubin1, Anthony Poggioli1, Alessandro Siria1

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|April 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a nonlinear coupling between electric and pressure-driven transport in nanopores, creating a mechanical transistor effect. This finding advances the design of artificial ion transporters sensitive to mechanical stimuli.

Keywords:
conical nanoporesmechanosensitivitynanofluidicsnonlinear transport

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biophysics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Natural ion transporters exhibit complex properties like voltage gating and mechanosensitivity.
  • Artificial ion transport systems struggle to replicate these advanced functionalities.
  • Developing stimuli-responsive ionic transport is key for artificial systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the coupling between electric and pressure-driven transport in conical nanopores.
  • To explore nonlinear transport phenomena beyond standard linear response theory.
  • To rationalize the observed behavior using a coupled electrohydrodynamics model.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental study of ion transport in a conical nanopore.
  • Theoretical modeling using an extended Poisson-Nernst-Planck-Stokes framework.
  • Analysis of coupled electrohydrodynamics within the nanopore.

Main Results:

  • A counterintuitive, highly nonlinear coupling between electric and pressure-driven transport was observed.
  • Ionic conductance showed a strong, unexpected dependence on applied pressure.
  • The results demonstrate a mechanical transistor-like functionality in the nanopore.

Conclusions:

  • The study rationalizes the nonlinear transport via coupled electrohydrodynamics in a charged conical nanopore.
  • The pronounced sensitivity to mechanical forcing offers new ways to tune ion transport.
  • This work provides a foundation for designing tailored membrane functionalities with mechanical responsiveness.