Assessment of pre-operative maropitant citrate use in macaque (Macaca fasicularis & Macaca mulatta) neurosurgical...

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Anesthesiology
• Primate Medicine
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Post-operative vomiting (POV) in non-human primates occurred at an 11% incidence.
• POV represents a significant risk factor for post-operative complications in macaques.
• The study sought to mitigate POV by incorporating an antiemetic into the pre-medication protocol.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of maropitant citrate in reducing POV in non-human primates undergoing neurosurgery.
• To compare the incidence of post-neurosurgical emesis between different macaque species.
• To determine the pharmacokinetic profile of maropitant in Macaca mulatta.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective and prospective data collection over 5 years from 46 macaques (two species) across 155 procedures.
• Administration of a 1 mg/kg subcutaneous dose of maropitant pre-operatively.
• Pharmacokinetic analysis of maropitant in five Macaca mulatta.

Main Results:

• Pre-operative maropitant administration significantly decreased POV incidence.
• Macaca fasicularis exhibited significantly higher rates of post-neurosurgical emesis compared to Macaca mulatta.
• Maropitant pharmacokinetic analysis in Macaca mulatta yielded a mean maximum plasma concentration of 113 ng/mL.

Conclusions:

• Maropitant citrate administration effectively reduced POV incidence to 1% following anesthesia for neurosurgeries.
• The antiemetic's plasma concentration reached effective levels approximately 20 minutes post-administration.
• Maropitant is a valuable tool for managing POV in non-human primates, with species-specific considerations.