Prevalence of Hypersensitivity Reactions in Children Associated with Acetaminophen: A Systematic Review and

Insights

Hypersensitivity reactions to acetaminophen, a common fever reducer, occur in over 25% of cases. In children with suspected allergy, acetaminophen hypersensitivity prevalence was 10.1% via oral challenge.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Pharmacovigilance
  • Drug Hypersensitivity

Background:

  • Acetaminophen is a widely used antipyretic in pediatric populations.
  • Limited data exist regarding hypersensitivity reactions to acetaminophen.

Observation:

  • A systematic review of 85 studies (1,030 participants) characterized acetaminophen reactions.
  • Immediate reactions occurred in >25%, nonimmediate cutaneous reactions in ~25%.
  • Severe reactions like SJS/TEN and fixed drug eruptions were also reported.

Findings:

  • A meta-analysis of 5 pediatric studies found a 10.1% prevalence of acetaminophen hypersensitivity in children undergoing oral challenge.
  • This highlights a significant, though not fully quantified, risk in this population.

Implications:

  • Further research is needed to assess immediate and nonimmediate acetaminophen hypersensitivity risks.
  • Elucidating the mechanisms of acetaminophen hypersensitivity is crucial for improved patient safety.
Abstract

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