Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Biodiversity and Human Values01:24

Biodiversity and Human Values

17.2K
Human civilization relies on biodiversity in many ways. Sudden changes in species biodiversity result in environmental changes that can modify weather patterns and therefore human civilizations.
17.2K
Professional Values01:29

Professional Values

10.8K
Nurses are responsible for caring for patients during birth, death, illness, and healing. Professional values guide the decisions and actions that nurses make in their careers. If nurses know the decisions and actions to take, providing patients with exceptional care is possible.
The values that are the foundation of the nursing profession are altruism, autonomy, human dignity, and social justice.
First, altruism refers to the concern for the welfare and well-being of others without personal...
10.8K
Critical Values01:31

Critical Values

10.4K
A critical value is a definite value obtained from a particular probability distribution at a predecided confidence level (or a predecided significance level) for a given population parameter. The critical value provides demarcation that separates the sample statistics that are likely to occur from the ones that are unlikely to occur based on the given probability distribution and the population parameter to be estimated. The critical value for normal distribution is obtained from the z...
10.4K
z Scores and Unusual Values01:07

z Scores and Unusual Values

11.1K
The z score is one of the three measures of relative standing. It describes the location of a value in a dataset relative to the mean. z scores are obtained after the standardization of the values in a dataset. The z score for the mean is 0.
 This score indicates how far a value is from the mean in terms of standard deviation. For example, if a data value has a z score of +1, the researcher can infer that the particular data value is one standard deviation above the mean. If another data...
11.1K
Absolute and Local Extreme Values01:22

Absolute and Local Extreme Values

86
The highest and lowest values of a function, relative to a reference axis, are known as extreme values. These include absolute maximum and absolute minimum values, which represent the highest and lowest points the function reaches across its entire domain. Within a restricted portion of the function, the highest and lowest values are referred to as local maximum and local minimum values, respectively.Periodic functions, such as sine and cosine, show extreme values at infinitely many points due...
86
Finding Critical Values for Chi-Square01:18

Finding Critical Values for Chi-Square

4.5K
Consider a curve representing sample data drawn randomly from a normally distributed population. One must construct confidence intervals to estimate or to test a claim regarding the population standard deviation. For example, a 95% confidence interval covers 95% of the area under the curve, and the remaining 5% is equally distributed on either side of the curve. To achieve such confidence intervals, one must determine the critical values. The critical values are simply the values separating the...
4.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The weight of genotype on the clinical presentation of COQ7-related hereditary motor axonal neuropathy: a case series and literature review.

Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria·2026
Same author

The Duke MG Patient Registry III. Comparative Effectiveness of Azathioprine and Mycophenolate Mofetil in Generalized Myasthenia Gravis, a Retrospective Single Center Review.

Muscle & nerve·2026
Same author

Immunotherapies in autoimmune neuromuscular junction disorders: Acute and chronic management.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
Same author

Reply to the letter "Long-COVID may not be explained by skeletal muscle involvement, but rather by other, more compelling pathophysiological concepts".

Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria·2025
Same author

Sensitivity of Repetitive Nerve Stimulation Performed in Early and Later Stages of Myasthenia Gravis.

Muscle & nerve·2025
Same author

Authors' Reply.

Journal of clinical neuromuscular disease·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

FM Dye Cycling at the Synapse: Comparing High Potassium Depolarization, Electrical and Channelrhodopsin Stimulation
08:31

FM Dye Cycling at the Synapse: Comparing High Potassium Depolarization, Electrical and Channelrhodopsin Stimulation

Published on: May 24, 2018

9.0K

Problems in Comparing Jitter Values Obtained with Voluntary Activation and Electrical Stimulation.

Erik Stålberg1, João Aris Kouyoumdjian2, Gabriel Pina Paiva2

  • 1Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Neurosciences, Uppsala University, Sweden.

Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases
|April 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Comparing jitter studies is challenging due to activation methods. Voluntary and electrical stimulation have pitfalls that bias results, making quantitative comparisons between them unreliable for reinnervated muscles.

Keywords:
Concentric needle electrodeSFEMGelectrical stimulationjitterreinnervation

More Related Videos

Assessment of Neuromuscular Function Using Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
07:53

Assessment of Neuromuscular Function Using Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation

Published on: September 13, 2015

22.8K
Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation BreEStim for Management of Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity
11:34

Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation BreEStim for Management of Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity

Published on: January 10, 2013

23.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

FM Dye Cycling at the Synapse: Comparing High Potassium Depolarization, Electrical and Channelrhodopsin Stimulation
08:31

FM Dye Cycling at the Synapse: Comparing High Potassium Depolarization, Electrical and Channelrhodopsin Stimulation

Published on: May 24, 2018

9.0K
Assessment of Neuromuscular Function Using Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
07:53

Assessment of Neuromuscular Function Using Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation

Published on: September 13, 2015

22.8K
Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation BreEStim for Management of Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity
11:34

Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation BreEStim for Management of Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity

Published on: January 10, 2013

23.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Jitter studies are crucial for diagnosing neuromuscular disorders.
  • Comparing jitter measurements between voluntary and electrical activation methods presents significant challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the difficulties and biases in quantitative jitter analysis.
  • To compare the pitfalls associated with voluntary versus electrical activation in jitter studies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of potential biases introduced by voluntary activation in multispike potentials.
  • Evaluation of artifactual jitter increases from subliminal stimulation and signal summation during electrical stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Both activation methods can miss high jitter values in complex signals, leading to an underestimation of abnormalities.
  • Voluntary activation may overestimate jitter, while electrical stimulation can cause artifactually increased jitter.
  • Signal summation from electrical stimulation can lead to erroneous jitter estimations.

Conclusions:

  • Quantitative comparison of jitter studies is only reliable when using the same activation method.
  • Awareness of activation-specific pitfalls is essential for accurate jitter recording and interpretation in reinnervated muscles.