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In vitro antibacterial activity of bioactive glass S53P4 on multiresistant pathogens causing osteomyelitis and

Mateus Trinconi Cunha1, Maria Aparecida Murça2, Stanley Nigro2

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil.

BMC Infectious Diseases
|April 5, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Bioactive Glass S53P4 demonstrates comparable in vitro antibacterial activity to antibiotic-loaded polymethylmethacrylate for multidrug-resistant bacteria. This finding suggests BAG S53P4 as a viable alternative for treating osteomyelitis and prosthetic joint infections.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Conventional treatment for medullary osteomyelitis involves antibiotic-loaded polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement.
  • PMMA may deliver inconsistent antibiotic concentrations to surrounding tissues.
  • Bioactive Glass (BAG) S53P4 exhibits local antibacterial activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the in vitro antibacterial activity of BAG S53P4 against antibiotic-loaded PMMA.
  • To evaluate efficacy against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria isolated from osteomyelitis (OM) and prosthetic joint infections (PJI).

Main Methods:

  • Convenience samples of MDR microorganisms from OM and PJI patients were used.
  • In vitro antibacterial activity was assessed using time-kill curves.
  • BAG S53P4 granules and antibiotic-loaded PMMA beads were tested against MRSA, MR-CoNS, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae.

Main Results:

  • Both BAG S53P4 and antibiotic-loaded PMMA inhibited bacterial growth, reaching zero CFU/ml between 120 and 168 hours.
  • No significant difference in time-kill curves was observed between BAG S53P4 and antibiotic-loaded PMMA.
  • Bacterial inhibition was significantly greater than with inert glass controls (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • BAG S53P4 possesses comparable antibacterial properties to antibiotic-loaded PMMA against MDR bacteria.
  • BAG S53P4 is a potential alternative for treating OM and PJI caused by MDR bacteria.
Keywords:
Antibiotic-loaded polymethylmethacrylateBacterial infectionBioactive glass S53P4Implant-associated infectionsMultidrug resistanceOsteomyelitis

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