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What externally presented information do VRUs require when interacting with fully Automated Road Transport Systems in
Natasha Merat1, Tyron Louw1, Ruth Madigan1
1Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Accident; Analysis and Prevention
|April 5, 2018
Summary
Driverless cars need clear external communication for safe urban interaction. Pedestrians and cyclists prioritize knowing the automated road transport system (ARTS) detects them, preferring simple signals over text.
Area of Science:
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Urban Planning
- Transportation Engineering
Background:
- Automated Road Transport Systems (ARTS) require intuitive communication methods for mixed-traffic urban environments.
- Human drivers currently signal intentions; driverless vehicles need external interfaces to convey behavior and intent.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate pedestrian and cyclist perceptions of safety and communication needs when interacting with ARTS in shared urban spaces.
- To identify crucial external information for ARTS to convey to vulnerable road users.
Main Methods:
- A questionnaire-based study with 664 participants (pedestrians and cyclists) during live ARTS (SAE Level 4) demonstrations in three European cities.
- Assessed participant feelings of safety and preferences for external communication from ARTS.
Main Results:
- Most pedestrians felt safer with ARTS in designated lanes versus shared spaces, asserting priority.
- All participants stressed the need for ARTS to communicate behavior, with detection acknowledgement being paramount.
- Conventional signals (lights, beeps) were preferred over text or spoken messages, with cultural/infrastructural factors influencing modality choice.
Conclusions:
- ARTS require universally understandable external communication to avoid confusing interactions with pedestrians and cyclists in shared spaces.
- Lack of clear, intuitive external messaging may impede efficient traffic flow and road user safety.
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