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Natalie Schaworonkow1, Jochen Triesch1

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This summary is machine-generated.

Responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are highly variable. Accounting for ongoing brain rhythms, like sensorimotor rhythms, can improve TMS effectiveness and reliability.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Computational neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Brain stimulation

Background:

  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) responses exhibit significant variability.
  • Ongoing brain activity, such as sensorimotor rhythms, influences TMS outcomes.
  • Closed-loop TMS-EEG systems offer potential for optimized stimulation protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate how ongoing oscillatory activity power and phase affect TMS-induced I-wave responses.
  • Model TMS-evoked cortical circuit activity dynamics.
  • Determine the relationship between brain rhythms and TMS efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a computational model of TMS-induced I-waves using cortical neuron populations (L2/3 and L5).
  • Simulated oscillatory input to L2/3 neurons to model rhythmic L5 neuron activity.
  • Applied TMS pulses at varying phases and amplitudes relative to ongoing rhythms.

Main Results:

  • TMS responses demonstrated a strong dependence on the phase and power of ongoing brain rhythms.
  • Peak TMS response occurred when simulated L5 neurons were maximally depolarized.
  • Phase-modulation of TMS responses was more pronounced at lower stimulation intensities.

Conclusions:

  • TMS responses are highly variable at low intensities without considering ongoing brain rhythms.
  • Closed-loop TMS-EEG approaches are promising for achieving more consistent TMS effects.
  • Understanding brain oscillations is crucial for tailoring effective TMS protocols.