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Kidney Structure

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The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...

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Kidney age, not kidney disease

Richard J Stevens¹, Julie Evans², Jason Oke²

¹Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences (Stevens, Evans, Oke, Hobbs, McLellan, Perera), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; The African Centre for Epistemology and Philosophy of Science (Smart), University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa; Patient and Public Involvement Advisor to University of Oxford (Holloway, Judd), Oxford, UK; Centre for Academic Primary Care (Horwood), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol; National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (Horwood) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK; Health Services Research Unit (Locock), University of Aberdeen, Scotland richard.stevens@phc.ox.ac.uk.

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De L'Association Medicale Canadienne

|April 5, 2018

Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

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