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Orthotopic Mouse Model of Colorectal Cancer
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Colorectal Cancer in the Young
Swati G Patel1,2, Dennis J Ahnen3,4
1Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12631 East 17th Avenue, Campus Box 158, Aurora, Colorado, 80045, USA. Swati.Patel@ucdenver.edu.
Current Gastroenterology Reports
|April 5, 2018
Summary
Early onset colorectal cancer (CRC) is rising in young adults. This review covers EOCRC
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Gastroenterology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is increasing in individuals under 50.
- Early onset CRC (EOCRC) presents unique challenges compared to older populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology, clinicopathology, molecular features, risk factors, and management of EOCRC.
- To highlight the distinct characteristics of EOCRC.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of EOCRC studies.
- Analysis of clinical, pathological, and molecular data.
Main Results:
- EOCRC often presents in the distal colon with delayed diagnosis.
- A distinct molecular signature, including microsatellite and chromosomal stability (MACS) pathway and LINE-1 hypomethylation, may characterize a subset of EOCRCs.
- Most EOCRCs are sporadic, lacking clear risk factors for early screening.
Conclusions:
- Increased awareness and education for patients and providers are crucial for EOCRC.
- Early symptom evaluation and adherence to screening guidelines for eligible young patients are vital.
- Further research is needed to refine screening strategies and understand potential molecular differences in EOCRC.
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