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Published on: October 28, 2021
Singleton Low Birthweight Rates, by Race and Hispanic Origin: United States, 2006-2016
Insights
The rate of low birthweight (LBW) infants in the U.S. declined until 2014 but has since increased, moving away from national health goals. This trend is examined for singleton births by race and Hispanic origin.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Neonatal Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Low birthweight (LBW) is a significant factor in infant mortality and morbidity in the U.S.
- LBW rates declined from 2006 to 2014, but have recently reversed, diverging from Healthy People 2020 targets.
- Understanding trends in LBW, moderately low birthweight (MLBW), and very low birthweight (VLBW) is crucial for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in LBW, MLBW, and VLBW rates among singleton births in the U.S. from 2006 to 2016.
- To examine these trends by race and Hispanic origin.
- To assess progress towards the Healthy People 2020 goal for LBW reduction.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of national birth data for singleton births from 2006 to 2016.
- Categorization of birthweight into LBW, MLBW, and VLBW.
- Stratification of data by race and Hispanic origin.
Main Results:
- The overall LBW rate declined from 2006 to 2014 but increased in 2015 and 2016.
- Trends varied across different racial and Hispanic origin groups.
- The recent increase in LBW rates moves the U.S. further from the Healthy People 2020 objective.
Conclusions:
- Recent increases in LBW rates, particularly among certain demographic groups, pose a public health concern.
- Continued monitoring and targeted interventions are necessary to address rising LBW trends.
- Addressing disparities in LBW rates is essential for improving infant health outcomes.
Abstract:
Low birthweight (LBW) is among the leading causes of infant death in the United States (1). LBW infants are also more likely to have health problems (2). After reaching its highest level in four decades, the LBW rate among all births declined from 2006 to 2014 (3,4), but the trend reversed in 2015 and 2016 when the LBW rate increased (4), moving further away from the Healthy People 2020 goal of reducing LBW rates to 7.8% of live births (5). This report shows trends in LBW, moderately low birthweight (MLBW), and very low birthweight (VLBW) by race and Hispanic origin from 2006 to 2016 for singleton births only, as rates of multiple births can impact LBW rates (4,6).
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