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Oropouche Fever: A Review.

Hercules Sakkas1,2, Petros Bozidis3, Ashley Franks4

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece. isakkas@uoi.gr.

Viruses
|April 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oropouche fever, a significant arboviral illness, causes over half a million cases in the Americas. This review examines Oropouche virus (OROV) epidemiology, clinical features, and prevention strategies.

Keywords:
AmazonCulicoidesOROV diseaseOropouche virusarbovirus

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Oropouche virus (OROV) causes Oropouche fever, an emerging zoonotic disease transmitted by arthropods in South and Central America.
  • OROV infection has caused over 30 epidemics and 500,000 cases in the last 60 years, being the second most frequent arboviral fever in Brazil.
  • The virus circulates in urban and sylvatic cycles, with *Culicoides paraensis* as a primary urban vector; human-to-human transmission is not observed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing knowledge and identify knowledge gaps concerning Oropouche fever.
  • To highlight the emergence of Oropouche fever and its public health significance.
  • To discuss prevention and control strategies in the context of the One Health concept.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of published literature on Oropouche virus (OROV).
  • Analysis of epidemiological data, clinical manifestations, and transmission dynamics.
  • Evaluation of current diagnostic, treatment, and prevention strategies.

Main Results:

  • Oropouche fever often presents with mild, self-limiting symptoms, leading to underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis with other febrile illnesses like dengue and malaria.
  • No specific antiviral treatment or vaccine is currently available, making vector control and personal protection crucial.
  • OROV has the potential for geographic expansion across the Americas and potentially other continents.

Conclusions:

  • Oropouche fever is a growing public health concern requiring increased attention and research.
  • Effective prevention relies on integrated vector management and public awareness.
  • Further research is needed to address diagnostic challenges and develop targeted interventions.