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Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

221.8K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
221.8K
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

6.6K
Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
6.6K
Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
9.9K
Facilitated Diffusion01:16

Facilitated Diffusion

1.3K
The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
In this process, substrates such as organic compounds and ions interact with a transporter on one side, triggering conformational changes in proteins that enable...
1.3K
Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion03:48

Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion

31.4K
Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...
31.4K
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

5.7K
Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Laser Microdissection-Based Protocol for the LC-MS/MS Analysis of the Proteomic Profile of Neuromelanin Granules
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Laser Microdissection-Based Protocol for the LC-MS/MS Analysis of the Proteomic Profile of Neuromelanin Granules

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Proteomic Profiling of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas.

Anna Kwiecińska1,2, Anna Porwit2, Nazariy Souchelnytskyi3

  • 1Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.

Pathobiology : Journal of Immunopathology, Molecular and Cellular Biology
|April 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study identified 91 differentially expressed proteins between non-germinal center (non-GC) and GC types of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). These findings offer potential new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for non-GC DLBCL.

Keywords:
BiP/Grp78Cyclin B2De novo diffuse large B-cell lymphomasDiffuse large B-cell lymphomaGerminal center typeHsp90Non-germinal center typeProteomicsTransformed lymphoma

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Proteomic Profiling of Macrophages by 2D Electrophoresis
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Proteomic Profiling of Macrophages by 2D Electrophoresis

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Quantitative Mass Spectrometric Profiling of Cancer-cell Proteomes Derived From Liquid and Solid Tumors
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Quantitative Mass Spectrometric Profiling of Cancer-cell Proteomes Derived From Liquid and Solid Tumors

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Laser Microdissection-Based Protocol for the LC-MS/MS Analysis of the Proteomic Profile of Neuromelanin Granules
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Proteomic Profiling of Macrophages by 2D Electrophoresis
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Proteomic Profiling of Macrophages by 2D Electrophoresis

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Quantitative Mass Spectrometric Profiling of Cancer-cell Proteomes Derived From Liquid and Solid Tumors
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Quantitative Mass Spectrometric Profiling of Cancer-cell Proteomes Derived From Liquid and Solid Tumors

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Area of Science:

  • Proteomics and molecular oncology
  • Cancer biomarker discovery

Background:

  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous B-cell malignancy.
  • Distinguishing between germinal center (GC) and non-GC subtypes is crucial for prognosis and treatment.
  • Identifying subtype-specific molecular differences can reveal new therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare proteome profiles of non-GC DLBCL and GC DLBCL.
  • To identify novel protein markers and potential drug targets differentiating DLBCL subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • Proteome profiling using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry on 6 DLBCL samples (3 non-GC, 3 GC).
  • Immunohistochemistry validation on tissue microarrays from 31 DLBCL samples (16 non-GC, 15 GC).
  • Bioinformatic analysis using Cytoscape for subnetwork identification.

Main Results:

  • Ninety-one proteins were found to be differentially expressed between non-GC and GC DLBCL.
  • Systemic analysis revealed 19 subnetworks associated with functional differences in non-GC versus GC DLBCL.
  • Validation confirmed enhanced expression of BiP/Grp78, Hsp90, and cyclin B2 in non-GC DLBCL.

Conclusions:

  • Proteomic analysis successfully identified distinct protein expression patterns in non-GC and GC DLBCL.
  • Selected proteins (BiP/Grp78, Hsp90, cyclin B2) show promise as biomarkers for non-GC DLBCL.
  • These findings contribute to the search for novel therapeutic strategies targeting DLBCL subtypes.