Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Impact of Individuals on Individuals01:30

Impact of Individuals on Individuals

403
Human behavior is intricately shaped by social influences that arise from interactions with others in diverse contexts. These influences not only mold beliefs and attitudes but also drive the regulation of behaviors through both direct communication and observational learning. The study of these processes falls within the domain of social psychology, which seeks to understand how individuals are affected by and affect those around them.Mechanisms of Social InfluenceDirect social influence...
403
What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

197.0K
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
197.0K
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

16.6K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
16.6K
Electric Potential and Potential Difference01:16

Electric Potential and Potential Difference

5.8K
Suppose a positive test charge moves away from a positive static charge, then the Coulomb force does positive work, and its electric potential energy decreases. The potential energy per unit charge is defined as the electric potential. The electric potential is independent of the test charge.
When a test charge moves from the initial to the final position, the electric potential difference between those positions is defined as the ratio of the change in the potential energy to the charge on the...
5.8K
Difference from Background: Limit of Detection01:05

Difference from Background: Limit of Detection

8.4K
The limit of detection (LOD) is the smallest amount of analyte that can be distinguished from the background noise. The LOD value corresponds to the concentration at which the analyte signal is three times larger than the standard deviation of the blank signal. Below this value, the analyte signal cannot be differentiated from the background noise. It is calculated by dividing the calibration slope by 3 times the standard deviation of the blank signals.
The LOD indicates the presence or absence...
8.4K
Identifying Statistically Significant Differences: The F-Test01:14

Identifying Statistically Significant Differences: The F-Test

3.9K
The F-test is used to compare two sample variances to each other or compare the sample variance to the population variance. It is used to decide whether an indeterminate error can explain the difference in their values. The underlying assumptions that allow the use of the F-test include the data set or sets are normally distributed, and the data sets are independent of each other. The test statistic F is calculated by dividing one variance by another. In other words, the square of one standard...
3.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A comprehensive assessment of lifecourse and mortality of Parkinson's disease in the German National Cohort.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2026
Same author

Fermented foods and inflammation: a crossover intervention trial with fresh and pasteurized sauerkraut.

European journal of clinical nutrition·2026
Same author

Prognostic Value of Regnase-1 in High-Grade Soft Tissue Sarcoma: Favourable in UPS, Yet Inverted in Adjuvantly Irradiated Patients.

Cancers·2026
Same author

The association of epigenetic age acceleration with internal smoking dose, risk of lung cancer, and all-cause mortality in cigarette smokers: the Multiethnic Cohort study.

Clinical epigenetics·2026
Same author

Adenosine Pathway Activation Defines Genetically Linked Immunosuppressive Subtypes in Solid Tumor Brain Metastases.

Cancers·2026
Same author

IGH::FENDRR and specific KRAS mutations define a novel B-ALL molecular subtype with poor chemotherapy response.

Blood·2026
Same journal

Serum vitamin D level and its association with vertigo frequency and severity in Meniere disease.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

PFA-Net: a physics-informed feature enhancement and attention network for interpretable bearing fault diagnosis under strong noise.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Circulating inflammatory, redox, and apoptosis-related alterations in drug-naive idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an exploratory case-control study.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

A baseline-oriented dynamic aggregation approach for demand-side heterogeneous controllable resources.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Temporal precision and accuracy in schizophrenia: an exploratory study.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Prefrontal EEG spectral and nonlinear signatures of subthreshold depression during resting state and affectively valenced picture/video viewing: a participant-level analysis.

Scientific reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

High-throughput Screening of Chemical Compounds to Elucidate Their Effects on Bacterial Persistence
07:25

High-throughput Screening of Chemical Compounds to Elucidate Their Effects on Bacterial Persistence

Published on: February 23, 2021

4.5K

Differences in DNA Methylation and Functional Expression in Lactase Persistent and Non-persistent Individuals.

Milena N Leseva1, Richard J Grand2, Hagen Klett3,4,5

  • 1Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Scientific Reports
|April 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lactase gene (LCT) regulation involves DNA methylation, not just genetic variations. Methylation patterns in the LCT promoter and enhancer predict lactase persistence phenotypes more accurately than genotype alone.

More Related Videos

Population and Single-Cell Analysis of Antibiotic Persistence in Escherichia coli
12:29

Population and Single-Cell Analysis of Antibiotic Persistence in Escherichia coli

Published on: March 24, 2023

2.8K
Modeling Persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Wounded Zebrafish Larvae
06:04

Modeling Persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Wounded Zebrafish Larvae

Published on: June 13, 2025

713

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

High-throughput Screening of Chemical Compounds to Elucidate Their Effects on Bacterial Persistence
07:25

High-throughput Screening of Chemical Compounds to Elucidate Their Effects on Bacterial Persistence

Published on: February 23, 2021

4.5K
Population and Single-Cell Analysis of Antibiotic Persistence in Escherichia coli
12:29

Population and Single-Cell Analysis of Antibiotic Persistence in Escherichia coli

Published on: March 24, 2023

2.8K
Modeling Persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Wounded Zebrafish Larvae
06:04

Modeling Persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Wounded Zebrafish Larvae

Published on: June 13, 2025

713

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Epigenetics
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Human lactase gene (LCT) expression changes post-natally, resulting in lactase persistence or non-persistence phenotypes.
  • Genetic variations, particularly the LCT -13910C>T polymorphism, are linked to these phenotypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify dynamic mediators of LCT regulation beyond the -13910C>T genotype.
  • To investigate differential expression of LCT transcriptional regulators and DNA methylation variations in relation to lactase phenotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of human intestinal samples from children and adolescents.
  • Epigenome-wide association study using the Illumina Infinium HM450 bead chip.
  • Assessment of DNA methylation levels at the LCT promoter and enhancer regions.

Main Results:

  • Expression levels of key transcriptional regulators (CDX2, POU2F1, GATA4, GATA6, HNF1α) did not correlate with lactase phenotype.
  • A differentially methylated position was identified in the LCT promoter, associated with genotype, phenotype, and lactase activity.
  • DNA methylation at the LCT promoter and enhancer CpGs correlated with genotype.

Conclusions:

  • DNA methylation patterns in the LCT promoter and enhancer are significant factors in regulating lactase phenotypes.
  • Epigenetic modifications, combined with genotype, offer superior prediction of lactase persistence than genotype alone.