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Bilateral Conjunctival Infiltration as an Extramedullary Relapse of AML
Zahra Mozaheb1, Alireza Khooei1
1Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Case Reports in Hematology
|April 6, 2018
Summary
Relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can manifest as eye symptoms like red eyes and conjunctival infiltration. Prompt biopsy and systemic chemotherapy are crucial for treating this rare but serious ocular complication.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Ophthalmology
Background:
- Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a significant cause of cancer mortality.
- Relapse remains a primary challenge in AML treatment.
- Ocular manifestations of AML are uncommon at presentation or relapse.
Observation:
- A young female with a history of AML presented with a red eye and conjunctival infiltration.
- Ophthalmological biopsy confirmed a relapse of AML.
- The patient had not undergone a stem cell transplant due to the lack of a matched donor.
Findings:
- The M4 subtype of AML is associated with extramedullary involvement.
- Conjunctival infiltration and subconjunctival nodules can indicate AML relapse.
- Leukemic eye involvement typically responds well to systemic chemotherapy.
Implications:
- Ocular symptoms in AML survivors warrant immediate investigation for disease recurrence.
- Early diagnosis through biopsy is critical for timely intervention.
- Systemic chemotherapy is an effective treatment for ocular leukemia.
