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Hippocampal calcification on brain CT: prevalence and risk factors in a cerebrovascular cohort

Remko Kockelkoren1, Jill B De Vis2, M Stavenga3

  • 1Department of Radiology, University Medical Center, Room E01.132, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands. r.kockelkoren@umcutrecht.nl.

European Radiology
|April 6, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Hippocampal calcification is common in stroke patients, increasing with age. It is linked to diabetes and high cholesterol, suggesting a vascular cause.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Hippocampal calcification is increasingly detected on CT scans, particularly in individuals over 50.
  • A correlation between hippocampal calcification and cognitive decline has been established.
  • The prevalence and vascular risk factors of hippocampal calcification in patients with cerebrovascular disease require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of hippocampal calcification in patients with cerebrovascular disease.
  • To investigate the association between vascular risk factors and hippocampal calcification in this patient group.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 1130 patients with suspected acute ischemic stroke underwent CT examinations for bilateral hippocampal calcification scoring.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors, adjusting for age, gender, and cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Hippocampal calcification was observed in 34% of the study cohort.
  • Prevalence significantly increased with age, ranging from 8% in those under 40 to 45% in individuals 80 years and older.
  • Independent associations were found between hippocampal calcification and diabetes mellitus (OR 1.57) and hyperlipidaemia (OR 1.63).

Conclusions:

  • Hippocampal calcification is a frequent finding in patients with cerebrovascular disease.
  • The condition is independently associated with diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidaemia.
  • These associations suggest an underlying atherosclerotic etiology for hippocampal calcification.
Abstract

Keywords:
HippocampusPrevalenceRisk factorsStrokeVascular calcification

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