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Related Concept Videos

Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

6.4K
An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
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Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

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Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin...
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Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output01:22

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

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Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...
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Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output01:19

Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output

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Cardiac Output
Cardiac output (CO) refers to the total amount of blood ejected by one of the ventricles in liters per minute (L/min). In a resting adult, CO ranges from 5 to 6 L/min, adjusting according to the body's metabolic requirements.
Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
Cardiac output adapts to metabolic demands during stress, physical activity, or illness. The autonomic nervous system regulates heart rate via the sinoatrial node. The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart...
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The Cardiac Cycle01:13

The Cardiac Cycle

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The heart beats rhythmically in a sequence called the cardiac cycle—a rapid coordination of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole).
The Process
Electrical signals—sent from the sinoatrial (SA) node in the right atrial wall to the atrioventricular (AV) node between the right atrium and right ventricle—cause both atria to simultaneously contract. When the signal reaches the AV node, it pauses for approximately a tenth of a second, allowing the atria to contract and...
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Cardiac Cycle01:29

Cardiac Cycle

13.2K
The cardiac cycle refers to the sequence of events that occur in the heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the next. It's characterized by alternating periods of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of the heart muscles.
During the cardiac cycle, blood flow through the heart is regulated entirely by changing pressure gradients. This sequence of events begins with the heart in a state of total relaxation, known as mid-to-late diastole, during which blood passively flows from...
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In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila
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[Recognizing rare cardiac diseases by electrocardiogram].

W Grimm1, A Grimm2, K Grimm3

  • 1Herzzentrum Marburg, Zentrum für Innere Medizin - SP Kardiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldingerstr., 35033, Marburg, Deutschland. grimmw@med.uni-marburg.de.

Der Internist
|April 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is crucial for diagnosing rare heart conditions like Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and channelopathies. Early ECG detection can prevent sudden cardiac death in affected families.

Keywords:
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathyBrugada syndromeLong QT syndromeTachycardia, ventricular, repetitive monomorphicWolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Rare cardiac diseases pose diagnostic challenges.
  • Sudden cardiac death (SCD) often results from undiagnosed genetic heart conditions.
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a non-invasive diagnostic tool.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the clinical significance of ECG in identifying rare cardiac diseases.
  • To emphasize ECG's role in early diagnosis of channelopathies and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
  • To underscore the importance of ECG in preventing SCD within families.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical significance of ECG findings.
  • Illustration of typical ECG patterns for specific cardiac conditions.
  • Discussion of late diagnoses and their consequences.

Main Results:

  • ECG effectively detects Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
  • ECG identifies various channelopathies: long QT syndrome, short QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.
  • ECG also reveals findings in idiopathic ventricular tachycardia, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, digitalis intoxication, hyperkalemia, acute cor pulmonale, and left ventricular hypertrophy.

Conclusions:

  • ECG is an indispensable tool for diagnosing a spectrum of rare cardiac diseases.
  • Timely ECG interpretation can facilitate early diagnosis and management, potentially preventing SCD.
  • Recognizing ECG patterns aids in identifying affected individuals and families at risk.