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Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control
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[Relationships between ignoring instructions and response bias when completing questionnaires].

Shinya Masuda, Takayuki Sakagami, Kazuyo Kitaoka

    Shinrigaku Kenkyu : the Japanese Journal of Psychology
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    Summary

    Researchers identified careless survey participants by including instruction items. Non-followers were more likely to give identical or midpoint responses, impacting data accuracy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nursing Research
    • Survey Methodology
    • Psychometrics

    Background:

    • Participant sincerity and response quality are critical in web surveys.
    • Inattentive respondents can introduce significant bias into research findings.
    • Identifying and mitigating careless responding is essential for data integrity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the effectiveness of instruction-based items in detecting careless survey participants.
    • To analyze the response patterns of participants who fail to follow instructions.
    • To assess the impact of careless responding on scale psychometric properties.

    Main Methods:

    • A web survey was administered to 1,000 nurses.
    • Three specific instruction-following items were embedded within the questionnaire.
    • Response patterns of instruction non-followers were compared to followers.

    Main Results:

    • 120 participants (12%) failed to follow at least one instruction (non-followers).
    • Non-followers exhibited a higher tendency for identical or midpoint responses.
    • Scales with reversed items showed lower internal consistency among non-followers.
    • Non-follower mean scores were closer to the scale midpoint, irrespective of item reversal.

    Conclusions:

    • Instruction-following items can help identify careless survey respondents.
    • Careless responding, characterized by non-adherence to instructions, negatively affects data quality and scale reliability.
    • Simply removing reversed items is insufficient to address issues stemming from inattentive participants.