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EssC is a specificity determinant for Staphylococcus aureus type VII secretion.

Franziska Jäger1, Holger Kneuper1, Tracy Palmer1

  • 1Division of Molecular Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.

Microbiology (Reading, England)
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Summary

The EssC protein

Keywords:
Staphylococcus aureusType VII secretionprotein secretionsubstrate recognition

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Protein Secretion

Background:

  • The type VII protein secretion system (T7SS) is crucial for virulence and competition in bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus.
  • EssC, a membrane-bound ATPase, is central to the T7SS machinery.
  • S. aureus EssC proteins exhibit variability, grouped into four variants (EssC1-EssC4).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of different EssC variants in substrate specificity within the T7SS.
  • To determine if EssC variants can mediate the secretion of different substrate proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic manipulation of Staphylococcus aureus strains to delete essC1.
  • Production and analysis of EssC2, EssC3, and EssC4 variants.
  • Assessing the secretion capabilities of these variants for specific substrate proteins (EsxA and EsxC).

Main Results:

  • EssC2, EssC3, and EssC4 variants can be produced in an essC1-deleted strain.
  • These variants successfully mediate the secretion of EsxA, a T7SS component.
  • However, EssC2, EssC3, and EssC4 variants cannot secrete EsxC, a substrate specific to essC1 strains.

Conclusions:

  • The EssC protein acts as a specificity determinant for the type VII protein secretion system.
  • Variations in EssC's C-terminal region likely dictate substrate interaction.
  • A model is proposed where EssC's C-terminus binds substrates, while EsxA interacts elsewhere in the secretion apparatus.