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Updated: May 3, 2026

A Telemetric, Gravimetric Platform for Real-Time Physiological Phenotyping of Plant–Environment Interactions

A Telemetric, Gravimetric Platform for Real-Time Physiological Phenotyping of Plant–Environment Interactions

Published on: August 5, 2020

The 'PhenoBox', a flexible, automated, open-source plant phenotyping solution.

Angelika Czedik-Eysenberg¹, Sebastian Seitner¹, Ulrich Güldener²

¹Gregor Mendel Institute (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030, Vienna, Austria.

The New Phytologist

|April 6, 2018

Summary

We developed an affordable, open-source plant phenotyping system (PhenoBox/PhenoPipe) for research and breeding. This imaging solution detects disease and stress responses in plants early and accurately.

Keywords:

PhenoBox PhenoPipe infection prediction open source plant pathogens plant phenotyping salt stress smut fungi

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Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Agricultural Science
Bioinformatics

Background:

Plant phenotyping is crucial for research and breeding but often lacks affordable, flexible solutions.
Existing methods can be costly and inaccessible for basic research.
There is a need for open-source, adaptable tools for detailed plant analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To present an open-source, affordable plant imaging and processing solution (PhenoBox/PhenoPipe).
To demonstrate the system's utility in studying plant-pathogen interactions and environmental stress responses.
To provide comprehensive documentation and resources for system replication.

Main Methods:

Developed the PhenoBox hardware and PhenoPipe software for automated plant imaging and data analysis.
Utilized the system to study fungal infections in *Brachypodium distachyon* and *Zea mays* (maize).
Applied the system to assess salt stress responses in *Nicotiana benthamiana*.

Main Results:

Phenotypic differences in *B. distachyon* infected with *Ustilago bromivora* were detected weeks before visible symptoms, enabling accurate infection outcome prediction.
The PhenoPipe module revealed time-dependent impacts of *Ustilago maydis* effector deletion strains on maize phenotypes.
The PhenoBox/PhenoPipe system successfully identified salt stress responses in *N. benthamiana*.

Conclusions:

The PhenoBox/PhenoPipe system offers an affordable, automated, and open-source solution for plant phenotyping.
The system is adaptable for diverse applications in plant biology, from disease resistance to stress tolerance.
This tool empowers researchers and breeders with accessible technology for advanced plant analysis.