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Updated: Feb 12, 2026
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Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy
Published on: May 3, 2011
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Optical imaging with a high-resolution microendoscope to identify sinonasal pathology
Sarah M Kidwai1, Arjun K Parasher1, Victor J Schorn1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
American Journal of Otolaryngology
|April 7, 2018
Summary
High-resolution microendoscopy (HRME) can distinguish sinonasal tumors from normal tissue. However, differentiating inflamed tissue remains a challenge for this imaging technique.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Optical Imaging
- Pathology
Background:
- High-resolution microendoscopy (HRME) offers real-time imaging of epithelial tissue.
- Proflavine, a contrast agent, stains cell nuclei to detect morphologic changes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate HRME's ability to differentiate sinonasal pathology from normal mucosa.
- To assess HRME's potential for real-time surgical margin differentiation.
Main Methods:
- Ex vivo imaging of sinonasal pathology and normal sinus epithelium specimens.
- Proflavine staining followed by HRME imaging.
- Histopathological correlation using hematoxylin and eosin staining.
Main Results:
- Distinct HRME imaging characteristics were observed between sinonasal pathology and normal sinus epithelia.
- Schneiderian papillomas showed increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio and nuclear crowding.
- Normal epithelia displayed small, bright nuclei with dark cytoplasm and wider internuclear separation.
Conclusions:
- HRME is feasible for discriminating sinonasal pathology from normal sinus epithelia.
- Inflammation inconsistently affected tissue discrimination, posing a limitation.
- Future HRME systems with novel contrast agents may improve surgical margin differentiation for conditions like inverted papilloma.
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