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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is associated with severe complications like acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD).
  • Existing factors for predicting transplant outcomes are insufficient.
  • Advances in omics technologies have enabled the identification of novel blood biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of candidate biomarkers for clinical evaluation in HSCT.
  • To outline the pathway from biomarker discovery to clinical application.
  • To focus on proteomics-based biomarkers validated for risk stratification.

Main Methods:

  • Review of candidate biomarkers discovered using large-scale proteomics platforms.
  • Focus on biomarkers validated in at least two independent cohorts.
  • Adherence to 2014 National Institutes of Health consensus criteria for biomarker validation.

Main Results:

  • Numerous blood biomarkers have been identified for diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive applications in HSCT.
  • Validated biomarkers show potential for stratifying risk of aGVHD and non-relapse mortality.
  • These biomarkers could facilitate timely and selective therapeutic interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Validated blood biomarkers hold significant potential for improving clinical care after HSCT.
  • A clear pathway exists for translating biomarker discovery into routine clinical practice.
  • Further validation and clinical trials are necessary for widespread adoption of these tests.