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Angina I: Introduction01:30

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Definition and Symptoms: Angina (angina pectoris) is chest pain or discomfort caused by myocardial ischemia, which occurs when the heart muscle receives insufficient oxygen-rich blood. It typically manifests as pressing, squeezing, or crushing sensations in the chest and may radiate to the shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, or back.Primary Cause: In a healthy state, the coronary arteries can dilate (widen) to increase blood flow and meet the increased oxygen demand during physical activity or...
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Angina, also known as angina pectoris, is a chest pain resulting from diminished blood flow to the heart muscle and is often a symptom of coronary artery disease. Angina presents several variants with distinctive attributes, etiologies, and therapeutic approaches. The main types of angina include stable, unstable, variant (Prinzmetal's), microvascular, intractable, and silent ischemia.Stable angina is caused by atherosclerosis, which leads to the formation of plaques that narrow the coronary...
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IntroductionThe management of angina requires a comprehensive approach that includes pharmacological therapies, medical procedures, and lifestyle modifications.Pharmacological TherapiesAntiplatelet agents, such as aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor, play a pivotal role in preventing thrombus formation in patients with angina. These medications inhibit platelet aggregation and reduce the likelihood of myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular events.Anticoagulants, including...
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In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
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Acupuncture for stable angina pectoris: a systematic review protocol.

Mingxiao Yang1, Ting Du2, Mingsheng Sun3

  • 1School of Chinese Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

BMJ Open
|April 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This systematic review evaluates acupuncture's effectiveness and safety for stable angina pectoris (SAP). It synthesizes recent trial data to clarify acupuncture's role in managing SAP symptoms and cardiovascular events.

Keywords:
cardiologycomplementary medicineischaemic heart disease

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Area of Science:

  • Integrative Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Systematic Review Methodology

Background:

  • The efficacy of acupuncture for stable angina pectoris (SAP) remains debated.
  • Recent clinical trials may offer new insights, but an updated systematic review is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in treating patients with stable angina pectoris.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials on acupuncture for SAP.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive search of nine databases will be conducted.
  • Eligible studies include randomized controlled trials comparing acupuncture to control groups for SAP.
  • Data will be extracted and analyzed using RevMan V.5.3, with quality assessed by GRADE and efficacy by the EES tool.

Main Results:

  • Outcomes include reduction in angina attacks, nitroglycerin use, and cardiovascular events.
  • Assessment of heart rate variability, pain intensity, exercise tolerance, and adverse events.
  • Meta-analysis will be performed if heterogeneity is low, presenting results as risk ratios or mean differences with 95% CIs.

Conclusions:

  • This review will provide an updated, evidence-based assessment of acupuncture for stable angina pectoris.
  • Findings will inform clinical practice and future research directions regarding acupuncture in cardiovascular care.