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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Derivation and Differentiation of Canine Ovarian Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Published on: December 16, 2018
TSG-6 released from intraperitoneally injected canine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate
Woo-Jin Song1, Qiang Li1, Min-Ok Ryu1
1Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
Background:
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an intractable autoimmune disorder that markedly deteriorates one's quality of life. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) alleviate inflammation by modulating inflammatory cytokines in inflamed tissues, and have been suggested as a promising alternative for IBD treatment in human and veterinary cases. Furthermore, tumor necrosis factor-α-induced gene/protein 6 (TSG-6) is a key factor influencing MSC immunomodulatory properties; however, the precise mechanism of TSG-6 release from canine MSCs in IBD remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic effects of canine adipose tissue-derived (cAT)-MSC-produced TSG-6 in an IBD mouse model and to explore the mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory properties.
Methods:
Mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis were administered cAT-MSCs intraperitoneally; colon tissues were collected on day 10 for histopathological, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence analyses.
Results:
cAT-MSC-secreted TSG-6 ameliorated IBD and regulated colonic expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10. To investigate the effect of cAT-MSC-secreted TSG-6 on activated macrophages in vitro, a transwell coculture system was used; TSG-6 released by cAT-MSCs induced a macrophage phenotypic switch from M1 to M2. The cAT-MSC-secreted TSG-6 increased M2 macrophages in the inflamed colon in vivo.
Conclusions:
TSG-6 released from cAT-MSCs can alleviate dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by inducing a macrophage phenotypic switch to M2 in mice.
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