WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature: Providing a common language

Area of Science:

• Allergy and Immunology
• Bioinformatics
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• A systematic nomenclature for allergens was established in the early 1980s to standardize naming conventions.
• The World Health Organization/International Union of Immunological Societies (WHO/IUIS) Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee was formed in 1986 to manage this standardization.
• The initial aim was to standardize names for antigens causing IgE-mediated allergies in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

• To standardize the nomenclature for allergens causing IgE-mediated allergies.
• To maintain and revise the Allergen Nomenclature database, currently hosting approximately 880 proteins.
• To address challenges posed by new 'omics' technologies in identifying potential allergens.

Main Methods:

• Development of a nomenclature based on Linnaean taxonomy.
• Establishment of evidence-based criteria for reviewing allergen candidates.
• Assessment of biochemical analysis and proof of allergenicity for submitted candidates.
• Review of confidential data demonstrating IgE binding from allergic subjects to purified proteins.

Main Results:

• The Allergen Nomenclature database (www.allergen.org) has grown to include approximately 880 proteins.
• The Sub-Committee assigns official allergen names prior to publication, ensuring consistency.
• Most journals require an official allergen name for publishing new allergen information.

Conclusions:

• The WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee plays a crucial role in standardizing allergen identification and naming.
• The database and review process facilitate consistent communication and research in allergology.
• Ongoing efforts are necessary to adapt to advancements in 'omics' technologies and the discovery of new allergens.