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Light-activated helical inversion in cholesteric liquid crystal microdroplets.

Piotr Sleczkowski1,2, Ye Zhou3, Supitchaya Iamsaard1

  • 1Bio-inspired and Smart Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|April 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Illuminating cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) droplets with molecular motors can alter their topological defects. This light-induced structural change, particularly helix inversion in radial spherical structures, offers new possibilities for droplet-based lasers.

Keywords:
chiral liquid crystalsconfinementdropletsmolecular motorsphotoinduced helix inversion

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Liquid Crystal Science
  • Photomechanics

Background:

  • Cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) droplets possess complex topological features influenced by pitch and radius.
  • The radial spherical structure (RSS) exhibits concentric helix organization, forming spherical Bragg microcavities.
  • Controlling these topological defects is key to unlocking novel optical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the light-induced activation of topological defects in CLC droplets using molecular motors.
  • To explore the potential of manipulating helix handedness and defect symmetry via illumination.
  • To understand the role of confinement and curvature on droplet structure after photo-induced changes.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of overcrowded alkene-based unidirectional molecular motors as dopants in CLC droplets.
  • Controlled illumination to activate topological defect structure and induce helix inversion.
  • Numerical simulations to analyze droplet structure and the influence of curvature.

Main Results:

  • Light can break the symmetry of topological defects (bent-twisted bipolar structure) or induce helix inversion in RSS.
  • The radial spherical structure (RSS) can undergo light-induced handedness inversion.
  • Confinement effects remain significant even after helix inversion, especially in small droplets.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular motors enable light-activated control over CLC droplet topology and handedness.
  • Light-induced helix inversion in RSS opens avenues for tunable photonic devices, including lasers.
  • Curvature effects near the droplet center are crucial in determining structure, particularly at small droplet radii.