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Risk factors for lower limb injuries during initial naval training: a prospective study.

Daniel R Bonanno1, S E Munteanu1, G S Murley1

  • 1Discipline of Podiatry, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

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Lower limb injuries in naval recruits were not accurately predicted by baseline factors. However, foot orthoses showed a potential protective effect against common injuries during initial training.

Keywords:
foot injurieslower limb injuriesorthoticsoveruse injuries

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Biomechanics
  • Military Health

Background:

  • Identifying risk factors for lower limb injuries is crucial in military personnel.
  • Initial defence training presents a high risk for common lower limb injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for common lower limb injuries in naval recruits undergoing initial training.
  • To assess the predictive ability of baseline participant characteristics for injury development.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized trial allocated 306 naval recruits to flat insoles or foot orthoses.
  • Baseline anthropometrics, health, activity, fitness, and foot characteristics were collected.
  • Injuries (medial tibial stress syndrome, patellofemoral pain, Achilles tendinopathy, plantar fasciitis) were prospectively documented over 11 weeks.

Main Results:

  • 67 (21.9%) participants sustained a lower limb injury.
  • Injured participants were slightly younger and less likely to receive foot orthoses.
  • Baseline variables moderately predicted injury with 78.1% accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Baseline health, fitness, and clinical assessments did not accurately predict lower limb injuries in naval recruits.
  • Foot orthoses may offer a protective benefit against common lower limb injuries, though not statistically significant.