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Related Experiment Videos

Attenuation values, volume changes and artifacts in tissue due to freezing.

P Pech1, K Bergström, W Rauschning

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Akademiska Sjukhuset, University of Uppsala, Sweden.

Acta Radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987)
|November 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Freezing biological tissues alters their physical properties, impacting radiologic imaging accuracy. Careful sample preparation can prevent most freezing artifacts in anatomical studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Anatomical Pathology

Background:

  • Freezing biological tissues can induce physical property changes, including attenuation of roentgen rays.
  • These alterations can introduce artifacts, potentially compromising the accuracy of correlative radiologic-anatomic studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the effects of freezing on the physical properties of fluid phantoms, animal, and human tissues.
  • To assess the impact of freezing-induced changes on computed tomography (CT) numbers and volume.

Main Methods:

  • Measurements of CT numbers and volume were performed on fluid phantoms (saline, soy oil, lipid emulsions) before and after freezing.
  • Similar measurements and calculations were conducted on animal and human tissues, including vitreous body, muscle, spinal cord, and fat.

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Main Results:

  • Frozen saline showed an 80 Hounsfield unit (HU) decrease in attenuation and a 9% volume increase.
  • Pure soy oil exhibited a 40 HU increase in attenuation and a 4% volume decrease; emulsions showed inverse relationships.
  • Animal and human tissues displayed CT number changes from -80 to +55 HU and volume changes from -6% to +9%, with observed soft tissue deformation and herniation.

Conclusions:

  • Freezing significantly alters tissue attenuation and volume, creating potential artifacts in radiologic imaging.
  • Observed changes vary depending on tissue type and composition.
  • Awareness and careful sample preparation are crucial for mitigating freezing artifacts in anatomical and radiological assessments.