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Do already grasped objects activate motor affordances?

Cristina Iani1,2, Luca Ferraro3, Natale Vincenzo Maiorana3

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Graspable object affordances influence response times in stimulus-response compatibility (SRC) tasks. Faster responses occur when object handles align with the responding hand, suggesting an interplay of motor affordance and spatial compatibility.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Stimulus-response compatibility (SRC) tasks examine how visual stimuli influence motor responses.
  • Affordance effects, related to an object's perceived usability, are explored in SRC tasks.
  • The role of action potentiation versus spatial compatibility in these effects is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if affordance effects emerge for graspable objects already depicted as grasped within an SRC task.
  • To determine if spatial compatibility, rather than action potentiation, explains observed effects.
  • To assess the influence of perceptual salience and object presentation on these effects.

Main Methods:

  • Three behavioral experiments were conducted using a stimulus-response compatibility (SRC) task.
  • Participants discriminated object orientation while ignoring handle orientation.
  • Object presentation varied: alone, grasped, masked, or with a hand/distractor.

Main Results:

  • Faster responses were observed when the object's handle was on the same side as the responding hand.
  • This effect was larger for upright objects shown as grasped or with a hand near the handle.
  • A smaller, reversed effect occurred when a hand or distractor was opposite the handle.

Conclusions:

  • Handle orientation effects in SRC tasks arise from the interaction between motor affordance and spatial compatibility.
  • Perceptual salience, particularly the presence of a hand, modulates these effects.
  • Findings suggest that the way objects are presented influences cognitive and motor processing.